Top 20 Research Studies of 2015 for Primary Care Physicians - American Family Physician
May 1, 2016 - In 2015, a group of primary care clinicians with expertise in evidence-based practice performed monthly surveillance of more than 110 English-language clinical research journals. They identified 251 studies that addressed a primary care question and had the potential to change practice ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2016/0501/p756.html
Detecting Elder Abuse and Neglect: Assessment and Intervention - American Family Physician
Mar 15, 2014 - Elder mistreatment includes intentional or neglectful acts by a caregiver or trusted person that harm a vulnerable older person. It can occur in a variety of settings. One out of 10 older adults experiences some form of abuse or neglect by a caregiver each year, and the incidence is ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2014/0315/p453.html
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Diagnosis and Management - American Family Physician
Jul 1, 2013 - Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is characterized by excessive fat accumulation in the liver (hepatic steatosis). Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is characterized by steatosis, liver cell injury, and inflammation. The mechanism of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is unknown but involves ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2013/0701/p35.html
The Effect of Cytochrome P450 Metabolism on Drug Response, Interactions, and Adverse ...
Aug 1, 2007 - Cytochrome P450 enzymes are essential for the metabolism of many medications. Although this class has more than 50 enzymes, six of them metabolize 90 percent of drugs, with the two most significant enzymes being CYP3A4 and CYP2D6. Genetic variability (polymorphism) in these enzymes may ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0801/p391.html
Hip Impingement: Identifying and Treating a Common Cause of Hip Pain - American Family ...
Dec 15, 2009 - Femoroacetabular impingement, also known as hip impingement, is the abutment of the acetabular rim and the proximal femur. Hip impingement is increasingly recognized as a common etiology of hip pain in athletes, adolescents, and adults. It injures the labrum and articular cartilage, and...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2009/1215/p1429.html
Celiac Disease: Diagnosis and Management - American Family Physician
Jan 15, 2014 - Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. It is triggered by exposure to dietary gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. Gluten is a storage protein in wheat, rye, and barley, which are staples in many American diets. Celiac disease is characterized ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2014/0115/p99.html
Chronic Daily Headache: Diagnosis and Management - American Family Physician
Apr 15, 2014 - Chronic daily headache is defined as the presence of a headache on 15 days or more per month for at least three months. The most common types of chronic daily headache are chronic migraines and chronic tension-type headaches. If a red flag for a secondary cause of headache is present, ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2014/0415/p642.html
Diagnosis and Management of Metatarsal Fractures - American Family Physician
Sep 15, 2007 - Patients with metatarsal fractures often present to primary care settings. Initial evaluation should focus on identifying any conditions that require emergent referral, such as neurovascular compromise and open fractures. The fracture should then be characterized and treatment ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0915/p817.html
Newborn Skin: Part I. Common Rashes - American Family Physician
Jan 1, 2008 - Rashes are extremely common in newborns and can be a significant source of parental concern. Although most rashes are transient and benign, some require additional work-up. Erythema toxicum neonatorum, acne neonatorum, and transient neonatal pustular melanosis are transient ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0101/p47.html
Disability Evaluations: More Than Completing a Form - American Family Physician
Jan 15, 2015 - According to the World Health Organization, more than 1 billion persons worldwide have a disability. In the United States, more than 56 million American workers have some form of disability; of these, more than 38 million persons have a severe disability. Blacks and Hispanics are among ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2015/0115/p102.html
Common Questions About Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip - American Family Physician
Dec 15, 2014 - Developmental dysplasia of the hip is a common musculoskeletal condition in newborns. Infants with developmental dysplasia of the hip, whether treated or untreated, have a higher incidence of early-onset hip osteoarthritis in adulthood. Evidence to support universal screening by ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2014/1215/p843.html
Health Maintenance in Women - American Family Physician
Jan 1, 2013 - The health maintenance examination is an opportunity to focus on disease prevention and health promotion. The patient history should include screening for tobacco use, alcohol misuse, intimate partner violence, and depression. Premenopausal women should receive preconception counseling ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2013/0101/p30.html
Overview of Changes to Asthma Guidelines: Diagnosis and Screening - American Family ...
May 1, 2009 - The Expert Panel Report 3 of the National Asthma Education and Prevention Program represents a major advance in the approach to asthma care by emphasizing the monitoring of clinically relevant aspects of care and the importance of planned primary care, and by providing patients ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2009/0501/p761.html
Revised AAP Guideline on UTI in Febrile Infants and Young Children - American Family ...
Nov 15, 2012 - In 2011, the American Academy of Pediatrics released a revision of its 1999 clinical practice guideline on urinary tract infections in febrile infants and young children two to 24 months of age. The new clinical practice guideline has several important updates based on evidence ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2012/1115/p940.html
Evaluation of Macrocytosis - American Family Physician
Feb 1, 2009 - Macrocytosis, generally defined as a mean corpuscular volume greater than 100 fL, is frequently encountered when a complete blood count is performed. The most common etiologies are alcoholism, vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies, and medications. History and physical examination, ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2009/0201/p203.html
Practical Selection of Antiemetics in the Ambulatory Setting - American Family Physician
Mar 1, 2015 - Nausea and vomiting are mediated primarily by three neurotransmitter pathways: visceral stimulation releases dopamine and serotonin; vestibular and central nervous system activation release histamine and acetylcholine; and chemoreceptor trigger zone activation releases dopamine and ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2015/0301/p293.html
Treatment of Childhood and Adolescent Depression - American Family Physician
Sep 1, 2012 - Major depressive disorder in children and adolescents is a common condition that affects physical, emotional, and social development. Risk factors include a family history of depression, parental conflict, poor peer relationships, deficits in coping skills, and negative thinking. ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2012/0901/p442.html
Prostatitis: Diagnosis and Treatment - American Family Physician
Aug 15, 2010 - Prostatitis ranges from a straightforward clinical entity in its acute form to a complex, debilitating condition when chronic. It is often a source of frustration for the treating physician and patient. There are four classifications of prostatitis: acute bacterial, chronic bacterial, ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2010/0815/p397.html
Erythema Nodosum: A Sign of Systemic Disease - American Family Physician
Mar 1, 2007 - Erythema nodosum, a painful disorder of the subcutaneous fat, is the most common type of panniculitis. Generally, it is idiopathic, although the most common identifiable cause is streptococcal pharyngitis. Erythema nodosum may be the first sign of a systemic disease such as ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0301/p695.html
Prevention of Malaria in Travelers - American Family Physician
May 15, 2012 - There are approximately 300 million cases of malaria each year, resulting in 1 million deaths worldwide. Family physicians often encounter patients preparing to travel to malaria-endemic regions. Physicians should have basic knowledge of parasite transmission and malaria prevention. The...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2012/0515/p973.html
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Diagnosis and Treatment - American Family Physician
Oct 15, 2012 - Chronic fatigue syndrome is characterized by debilitating fatigue that is not relieved with rest and is associated with physical symptoms. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for chronic fatigue syndrome include severe fatigue lasting longer than six months, as well ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2012/1015/p741.html
Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children - American Family Physician
Oct 1, 2012 - Community-acquired pneumonia is a potentially serious infection in children and often results in hospitalization. The diagnosis can be based on the history and physical examination results in children with fever plus respiratory signs and symptoms. Chest radiography and rapid viral ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2012/1001/p661.html
Common Questions About Pneumonia in Nursing Home Residents - American Family Physician
Oct 1, 2015 - Pneumonia in older adults residing in nursing homes can be challenging to diagnose and treat. Pneumococcal and influenza immunizations decrease the risk of pneumonia and are recommended for all nursing home patients. Older adults with pneumonia may not display classic signs and symptoms...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2015/1001/p612.html
Pharmacologic Management of Pain at the End of Life - American Family Physician
Jul 1, 2014 - Although many patients experience debilitating pain at the end of life, there are many options to improve analgesia and quality of life. Pain assessment using a validated tool, with attention to patient function and specific goals, helps tailor individual treatment plans. The World ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2014/0701/p26.html
Update on Routine Childhood and Adolescent Immunizations - American Family Physician
Sep 15, 2015 - Recommendations for routine vaccinations in children and adolescents have changed multiple times in recent years, based on findings in clinical trials, licensure of new vaccines, and evidence of waning immunity. Despite the overwhelming success of vaccinations, vaccine delay and refusal...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2015/0915/p460.html
Intrauterine Devices: An Update - American Family Physician
Mar 15, 2014 - Three intrauterine devices (IUDs) are available in the United States: the copper T 380A and two levonorgestrel-releasing IUDs, one that releases 20 mcg of levonorgestrel per 24 hours, and one that releases 14 mcg per 24 hours. All are safe and effective methods of contraception that ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2014/0315/p445.html
Infiltrative Anesthesia in Office Practice - American Family Physician
Jun 15, 2014 - When choosing an infiltrative anesthetic agent, the type of procedure, the length of time required for anesthesia, and the pharmacodynamics of each medication are important considerations. Distraction techniques and buffering with sodium bicarbonate can be used to decrease the pain ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2014/0615/p956.html
Evaluation of Nausea and Vomiting: A Case-Based Approach - American Family Physician
Sep 15, 2013 - In the absence of acute abdominal pain, significant headache, or recent initiation of certain medications, acute nausea and vomiting is usually the result of self-limited gastrointestinal infections. Nausea and vomiting is also a common adverse effect of radiation therapy, chemotherapy,...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2013/0915/p371.html
VItamin D Supplementation in Infants, Children, and Adolescents - American Family ...
Mar 15, 2010 - Advertisement << Previous article Next article >> Mar 15, 2010 Issue Vitamin D Supplementation in Infants, Children, and Adolescents CATHERINE F. CASEY, MD; DAVID C. SLAWSON, MD; and LINDSEY R. NEAL, MD, University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, Virginia Am Fam...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2010/0315/p745.html
Preventive Health Care for Men Who Have Sex with Men - American Family Physician
Jun 15, 2015 - Men who have sex with men (MSM) comprise at least 4% of males in the United States. MSM may describe themselves as gay, bisexual, or heterosexual. Because current medical practice does not always facilitate discussion of sexual behaviors, this group of men may face barriers to receiving...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2015/0615/p844.html
Multiple Sclerosis: A Primary Care Perspective - American Family Physician
Nov 1, 2014 - Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common permanently disabling disorder of the central nervous system in young adults. Relapsing remitting MS is the most common type, and typical symptoms include sensory disturbances, Lhermitte sign, motor weakness, optic neuritis, impaired ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2014/1101/p644.html
Dermoscopy for the Family Physician - American Family Physician
Oct 1, 2013 - Noninvasive in vivo imaging techniques have become an important diagnostic aid for skin cancer detection. Dermoscopy, also known as dermatoscopy, epiluminescence microscopy, incident light microscopy, or skin surface microscopy, has been shown to increase the clinician’s diagnostic ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2013/1001/p441.html
Psoriasis - American Family Physician
May 1, 2013 - Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that is often associated with systemic manifestations. It affects about 2 percent of U.S. adults, and can significantly impact quality of life. The etiology includes genetic and environmental factors. Diagnosis is based on the typical ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2013/0501/p626.html
Diagnosis and Treatment of Basal Cell and Squamous Cell Carcinoma - American Family ...
Jul 15, 2012 - Family physicians are regularly faced with identifying, treating, and counseling patients with skin cancers. Nonmelanoma skin cancer, which encompasses basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma, is the most common cancer in the United States. Ultraviolet B exposure is a significant factor ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2012/0715/p161.html
Management of Hypertriglyceridemia - American Family Physician
May 1, 2007 - Hypertriglyceridemia is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events and acute pancreatitis. Along with lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and raising high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, lowering triglyceride levels in high-risk patients (e.g., ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0501/p1365.html
Diagnosis and Management of Lyme Disease - American Family Physician
Jun 1, 2012 - Lyme disease, caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, is the most common tick-borne illness in the United States. Transmission occurs primarily through the bite of an infected deer tick (Ixodes scapularis). Identification of an erythema migrans rash following a tick bite is the ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2012/0601/p1086.html
Choosing a Skeletal Muscle Relaxant - American Family Physician
Aug 1, 2008 - Skeletal muscle relaxants are widely used in treating musculoskeletal conditions. However, evidence of their effectiveness consists mainly of studies with poor methodologic design. In addition, these drugs have not been proven to be superior to acetaminophen or nonsteroidal ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0801/p365.html
Treatment of Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: the GOLD Guidelines - ...
Nov 15, 2013 - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common problem in primary care. COPD is diagnosed with spirometry only in clinically stable patients with a postbronchodilator forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity ratio of less than 0.70. All patients with COPD ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2013/1115/p655.html
Cluster Headache - American Family Physician
Jul 15, 2013 - Cluster headache causes severe unilateral temporal or periorbital pain, lasting 15 to 180 minutes and accompanied by autonomic symptoms in the nose, eyes, and face. Headaches often recur at the same time each day during the cluster period, which can last for weeks to months. Some ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2013/0715/p122.html
Speech and Language Delay in Children - American Family Physician
May 15, 2011 - Speech and language delay in children is associated with increased difficulty with reading, writing, attention, and socialization. Although physicians should be alert to parental concerns and to whether children are meeting expected developmental milestones, there currently is ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/0515/p1183.html
Bell's Palsy: Diagnosis and Management - American Family Physician
Oct 1, 2007 - Bell's palsy is a peripheral palsy of the facial nerve that results in muscle weakness on one side of the face. Affected patients develop unilateral facial paralysis over one to three days with forehead involvement and no other neurologic abnormalities. Symptoms typically peak in the ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/1001/p997.html
Diagnosis and Management of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults - American Family ...
Jun 1, 2011 - Community-acquired pneumonia is diagnosed by clinical features (e.g., cough, fever, pleuritic chest pain) and by lung imaging, usually an infiltrate seen on chest radiography. Initial evaluation should determine the need for hospitalization versus outpatient management using validated ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/0601/p1299.html
Counseling on Early Childhood Concerns: Sleep Issues, Thumb-Sucking, Picky Eating, ...
Aug 15, 2015 - Family physicians are often a source of information and advice on early childhood concerns regarding sleep, thumb-sucking/pacifier use, picky eating, school readiness, and oral health. Evidence indicates that family variables are important in the genesis of sleep difficulties, and that ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2015/0815/p274.html
Acute Rhinosinusitis in Adults - American Family Physician
May 1, 2011 - Rhinosinusitis is one of the most common conditions for which patients seek medical care. Subtypes of rhinosinusitis include acute, subacute, recurrent acute, and chronic. Acute rhinosinusitis is further specified as bacterial or viral. Most cases of acute rhinosinusitis are caused by ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/0501/p1057.html
Managing Adverse Effects of Hormonal Contraceptives - American Family Physician
Dec 15, 2010 - Adverse effects of hormonal contraceptives usually diminish with continued use of the same method. Often, physi- cians only need to reassure patients that these symptoms will likely resolve within three to five months. Long-acting injectable depot medroxyprogesterone acetate is the only...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2010/1215/p1499.html
Heavy Menstrual Bleeding in Premenopausal Patients and the Role of NSAIDs - Cochrane ...
Aug 1, 2020 - NSAIDs are effective for reducing heavy menstrual bleeding in premenopausal patients with menorrhagia when compared with placebo.
American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0801/p147.html
Diagnosis and Treatment of Otitis Media - American Family Physician
Dec 1, 2007 - Diagnostic criteria for acute otitis media include rapid onset of symptoms, middle ear effusion, and signs and symptoms of middle ear inflammation. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis are the most common bacterial isolates from the middle ear ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/1201/p1650.html
Update on Vitamin B12 Deficiency - American Family Physician
Jun 15, 2011 - Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiency is a common cause of megaloblastic anemia, a variety of neuropsychiatric symp- toms, and elevated serum homocysteine levels, especially in older persons. There are a number of risk factors for vitamin B12 deficiency, including prolonged use of ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/0615/p1425.html
Diagnosis of Secondary Hypertension: An Age-Based Approach - American Family Physician
Dec 15, 2010 - Secondary hypertension is a type of hypertension with an underlying, potentially correctable cause. A secondary etiology may be suggested by symptoms (e.g., flushing and sweating suggestive of pheochromocytoma), examina- tion findings (e.g., a renal bruit suggestive of renal artery ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2010/1215/p1471.html
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome - American Family Physician
Jun 1, 2015 - Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the sudden unexpected death of a child younger than one year during sleep that cannot be explained after a postmortem evaluation including autopsy, a thorough history, and scene evaluation. The incidence of SIDS has decreased more than 50% in the ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2015/0601/p778.html